Foundation: Zotero Reference Management

Install and configure Zotero with Better BibTeX for free, powerful reference management

Why Zotero?

Zotero is the gold standard for free reference management:

  • Open-source - Developed by the Corporation for Digital Scholarship
  • 300MB free cloud storage + unlimited local storage
  • 10,000+ citation styles - APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and more
  • Browser connector - One-click saves from any academic website
  • Active plugin ecosystem - Extends functionality infinitely
  • Better than paid alternatives - Outperforms Mendeley and EndNote

Installation

Install via Homebrew:

brew install --cask zotero

Launch from Applications folder or Spotlight.

Install via package manager:

sudo apt install zotero

Launch from application menu or terminal: zotero

Download installer from zotero.org/download

Run the installer and follow setup wizard.

Launch from Start menu.

Essential Plugins

1. Better BibTeX (REQUIRED)

Better BibTeX creates stable citation keys for Markdown/Pandoc workflows.

Why Better BibTeX? Zotero's default citation keys change when you edit metadata. Better BibTeX creates stable keys like smith_2024 that never change - essential for Markdown-based writing workflows.

Download Better BibTeX

Visit retorque.re/zotero-better-bibtex and download the latest .xpi file.

Save to your Downloads folder.

Install Plugin

In Zotero:

  1. Click ToolsAdd-ons
  2. Click the gear icon (⚙️) → Install Add-on From File...
  3. Select the downloaded .xpi file
  4. Click Install Now
  5. Restart Zotero

Configure Citation Key Format

After restart, configure citation keys:

  1. EditPreferencesBetter BibTeXCitation Keys
  2. Set Citation key format to: [auth:lower]_[year]

This creates clean citation keys:

  • Single author: smith_2024
  • Multiple authors: jones_martinez_2023
  • Same author, same year: smith_2024a, smith_2024b

Set Up Auto-Export

This is the magic that connects Zotero to everything else:

  1. Right-click My Library in left sidebar
  2. Select Export Library...
  3. Choose format: Better BibLaTeX
  4. Check ✓ Keep Updated
  5. Save to: ~/Documents/library.bib

Now your BibTeX file auto-updates whenever you add or edit references. No manual exports ever again.

Auto-Export Magic: The library.bib file now updates automatically. Point Pandoc, Obsidian, VS Code, or any Markdown editor to this file for instant citation access. Add a paper in Zotero → cite it immediately in your writing.

2. Zotero Connector (Browser Extension)

The browser connector is your one-click paper import tool.

Install Browser Extension

Visit zotero.org/download

Click the installer for your browser:

  • Chrome / Edge / Brave
  • Firefox
  • Safari

Follow browser prompts to add extension.

Test the Connector

  1. Open Zotero desktop app (must be running)
  2. Visit any paper on Google Scholar, PubMed, or arXiv
  3. Click the Zotero icon in browser toolbar
  4. Paper + PDF automatically saved with metadata

Takes 2 seconds. No manual data entry ever again.

Verification Checklist

Confirm your setup is complete:

  • Zotero desktop app installed and running
  • Better BibTeX plugin installed and configured
  • Citation key format set to [auth:lower]_[year]
  • Auto-export configured to ~/Documents/library.bib
  • Browser connector installed
  • Test import: Save one paper from Google Scholar

Next Steps

With Zotero configured, you now have:

  • Automatic reference collection from any website
  • Stable citation keys for Markdown writing
  • Auto-updating BibTeX file for all your tools

Next chapter: Configure Obsidian to use your Zotero library for seamless note-taking and citation insertion.